How to Assemble an AR-15 Upper Handrail: Top 3 Easy Steps

Why Assembling an AR-15 Upper Handrail is Important

In firearms enthusiasts, knowing how to assemble an AR-15 upper handrail is a critical skill. This part of the rifle not only enhances its aesthetics but also significantly improves functionality and customization. If you’re short on time or simply need a quick rundown, here are the main steps:

1. Gather necessary tools like wrenches and screwdrivers.
2. Remove the existing handrail carefully, ensuring the rifle is unloaded.
3. Install the new handrail by aligning it properly and securing it firmly.
4. Check alignment and ensure all parts are tightly fixed.

Why It’s Crucial

Beyond the upgrade appeal, assembling an AR-15 upper handrail yourself has tremendous educational value. Understanding each part’s role ensures that your rifle operates reliably and smoothly. Additionally, this comprehensive knowledge empowers gun owners to troubleshoot issues that might arise in the future.

Safety First

Safety must be your top priority. Always ensure the rifle is unloaded before starting the assembly. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for each component meticulously. This cannot be stressed enough: handling firearms requires utmost respect and caution to prevent accidents.

By becoming proficient in how to assemble an AR-15 upper handrail, you not only add a personal touch to your firearm but also gain a deeper appreciation for its mechanical complexity.

Understanding AR-15 Upper Components

Before we dive into how to assemble an AR-15 upper handrail, it’s crucial to understand the main components of the AR-15 upper receiver. Knowing these parts will help you make informed decisions during assembly and ensure your rifle functions smoothly.

Barrel

The barrel is the heart of your AR-15. It’s where the bullet travels when you fire your rifle. Barrels come in various materials, lengths, and finishes. The three common types of steel used for AR-15 barrels are 4140 Chromoly, 4150 Chromoly Vanadium (CMV), and 416R stainless steel. Each type has its own benefits:

• 4140 Chromoly: Good for general use, offering a balance of strength and cost.
• 4150 CMV: More durable, typically used in military rifles.
• 416R Stainless Steel: Excellent for precision shooting due to its high corrosion resistance and accuracy.

Bolt Carrier Group (BCG)

The Bolt Carrier Group is the engine of your AR-15. It’s responsible for the cycling of the rifle, extracting spent casings, and chambering new rounds. A complete BCG includes the bolt, carrier, gas key, and firing pin. Quality BCGs are often made from materials like 8620 steel for the carrier and 9310 or Carpenter 158 steel for the bolt.

Gas Blocks

The gas block is a critical component that redirects some of the gas from the fired round back into the BCG to cycle the action. There are two main types of gas blocks:

• Fixed Gas Block: Simple and reliable, but not adjustable.
• Adjustable Gas Block: Allows you to fine-tune the gas flow, which can improve shooting comfort and reliability.

For example, an adjustable gas block can create a smoother shooting experience by reducing the recoil. This is especially useful if you’re customizing your rifle for specific types of ammunition or shooting conditions.

Charging Handle

The charging handle is used to manually cycle the action of your AR-15. It allows you to chamber a round, clear jams, and perform other manual operations. While the standard charging handle works fine for most users, there are upgraded options available with extended latches or ambidextrous designs for easier use, especially under stress or with gloves.

Understanding these key components will make the process of how to assemble an AR-15 upper handrail much simpler. Next, we’ll move on to the tools required and preparation steps for installing your new handrail.

How to Assemble an AR-15 Upper Handrail

Step 1: Selecting Your Handrail

Before you start, you need to choose the right handrail. The two most common types are KeyMod and Picatinny.

• KeyMod: This type is lightweight and offers easy attachment of accessories. It’s great for those who want a sleek, modular setup.
• Picatinny: Known for its durability and versatility, the Picatinny rail system is a bit heavier but allows for more robust attachment options.

Ensure that the handrail you select is compatible with your AR-15 upper receiver.

Step 2: Removing Existing Handrail

Safety First: Always make sure your firearm is unloaded before starting any work. Verify by checking the chamber and magazine.

Tools Required:
– Armorer’s wrench
– Allen keys and driver
– Vise (optional but recommended)
– AR-15 upper vise block (optional)

Steps:

1. Secure the Upper Receiver: Place the upper receiver in a vise using an AR-15 upper vise block. This will keep it stable while you work.
2. Remove the Barrel Nut: Using the armorer’s wrench, carefully loosen and remove the barrel nut that holds the existing handrail in place.
3. Detach the Handrail: Slide off the old handrail. If it’s tight, gently tap it with a rubber mallet.

Step 3: Installing the New Handrail

Tools Required:
– Armorer’s wrench
– Allen keys
– Barrel nut wrench (if required by the handrail)

Preparation: Make sure to clean the area where the new handrail will be installed. Apply a small amount of anti-seize lubricant to the threads of the barrel.

Steps:

1. Align the Handrail: Place the new handrail over the barrel, ensuring it aligns with the upper receiver.
2. Secure the Barrel Nut: Hand-tighten the barrel nut first, then use the armorer’s wrench to fully secure it. Be careful not to over-tighten.
3. Check Alignment: Verify that the handrail is straight and aligned with the upper receiver. Adjust if necessary.
4. Tighten the Screws: If your handrail has additional screws or bolts, use the Allen keys to securely tighten them.

Final Checks:

• Stability: Ensure the handrail is firmly attached and doesn’t wiggle.
• Functionality: Check that the gas block and gas tube are not obstructed.
• Appearance: Confirm that the handrail is aligned aesthetically with the rest of the firearm.

Now that you have installed the handrail, it’s time to adjust and test it for fit and comfort.

Adjusting and Testing the Handrail

Once you’ve installed the handrail, adjust and test it to ensure it fits well, feels comfortable, and meets your tactical needs.

Fit

1. Handrail Position**: Make sure the handrail is positioned correctly along the upper receiver. It should align with the barrel and provide a seamless transition from the receiver to the handguard.

2. Attachment Points**: Check all attachment points to ensure they are secure. There should be no gaps or loose fittings. If you used screws or bolts, recheck them to ensure they are tight.

3. Gas Block and Tube**: Double-check that the gas block and gas tube are not obstructed by the handrail. This is crucial for the proper functioning of your AR-15.

Comfort

1. Grip**: Hold the AR-15 as you would during regular use. The handrail should feel comfortable in your hand. If it feels too bulky or too slim, you might need to consider a different handrail.

2. Weight Distribution**: Ensure that the handrail doesn’t make the firearm feel unbalanced. The weight should be evenly distributed to avoid fatigue during extended use.

3. Heat Resistance**: If you plan to use your AR-15 for extended shooting sessions, consider adding heat-resistant rail covers. These will minimize heat transfer and keep your hands comfortable.

Tactical Adjustments

1. Accessory Mounting**: Test mounting any accessories you plan to use, such as foregrips, lights, or lasers. Ensure they fit securely and are easily accessible.

2. Rail System Compatibility**: If you’re using a KeyMod or Picatinny rail, make sure your accessories are compatible with the rail system. This will prevent any issues during tactical operations.

3. Customization**: Adjust the position of your accessories to suit your preferences. For instance, you might prefer your foregrip closer to the receiver for better control or farther out for better leverage.

4. Functionality Check**: After making all adjustments, perform a functionality check. This includes ensuring the handrail does not interfere with the charging handle, bolt carrier group, or any other moving parts.

5. Aesthetic Alignment**: Finally, ensure that the handrail aligns aesthetically with the rest of the firearm. This might seem minor, but a well-aligned handrail can enhance both the look and feel of your AR-15.

Now that you have adjusted and tested your handrail, it’s time to address some common questions about AR-15 handrails.

Frequently Asked Questions about AR-15 Handrails

What are the rails called on an AR-15?

The most common types of rails on an AR-15 are KeyMod and Picatinny.

• KeyMod: This rail system uses keyhole-shaped slots. It’s known for being lightweight and modular. You can easily attach and detach accessories without adding much bulk.

• Picatinny: Also known as MIL-STD-1913, this rail system features a series of ridges and slots. It’s highly versatile and can accommodate a wide range of accessories, from scopes to grips.

Can you add rails to an AR-15?

Yes, you can definitely add rails to an AR-15. This process involves installing a new handrail that includes the rail system you prefer. Here’s a quick overview of the installation basics:

1. Remove the Existing Handrail: Make sure your firearm is unloaded. Use the appropriate tools to remove the old handrail.
2. Select the New Handrail: Choose between KeyMod, Picatinny, or other types based on your needs.
3. Install the New Handrail: Align it properly and secure it using the provided hardware.

Adding rails allows for extensive customization, letting you mount various accessories like flashlights, optics, and grips to suit your needs.

Are AR-15 handguards universal?

AR-15 handguards are not entirely universal. Compatibility can vary based on several factors:

• Barrel Length: Handguards are available in different lengths to match various barrel sizes.
• Mounting System: Some handguards use a proprietary mounting system, while others are designed to fit mil-spec standards.
• Gas System Length: The length of your gas system (carbine, mid-length, or rifle) can also affect which handguards will fit.

To ensure compatibility, always check the specifications of both your AR-15 and the handguard. For example, a handguard designed for a carbine-length gas system won’t fit a rifle-length system without modifications.

Understanding these basics will help you make informed decisions when customizing your AR-15. For more details on how to assemble an AR-15 upper handrail, check out our detailed guide.

Conclusion

Building your own AR-15 upper receiver can be both rewarding and educational. Understanding how to assemble an AR-15 upper handrail is a key part of customizing your rifle to fit your needs and preferences.

Review

Let’s quickly review the steps we’ve covered:

1. Selecting Your Handrail: Choose between KeyMod or Picatinny, based on your needs.
2. Removing Existing Handrail: Ensure safety and use the proper tools.
3. Installing the New Handrail: Align it correctly and secure it.

Each step is crucial for a successful build, ensuring that your AR-15 functions properly and suits your tactical needs.

Maintenance Tips

Proper maintenance of your AR-15 is essential for its longevity and performance. Here are some tips:

• Regular Cleaning: Clean your AR-15 after each use, especially the gas system and barrel.
• Lubrication: Apply a light coat of lubricant to moving parts like the bolt carrier group.
• Check Fasteners: Periodically check that all screws and bolts are tight, especially on the handrail and gas block.
• Inspect for Wear: Look for signs of wear or damage and replace parts as necessary.

These simple steps can keep your AR-15 in top condition and ensure it performs reliably.

Daytona Tactical

At Daytona Tactical, we offer everything you need to build and maintain your AR-15. From upper receiver kits to handguards, our AR-15 Upper Build Assemblies have got you covered.

Our expert guides and customer support are here to help you every step of the way. Whether you’re a seasoned builder or a first-time assembler, we provide the resources and products to make your AR-15 build a success.

Thank you for choosing Daytona Tactical for your AR-15 needs. Happy building!